America / States / Pennsylvania
2nd State · Est. 1787

Pennsylvania.
The Keystone
State.

William Penn founded his colony in 1681 on a Quaker vision of religious tolerance and fair dealing with the Lenape — terms radical for their time and not always kept. Philadelphia became the largest city in British North America and the place where the Continental Congress declared independence in 1776 and the Constitution was drafted eleven summers later. At Gettysburg in July 1863, the Union turned back Pickett’s Charge; Lincoln returned in November to redefine the war. Pittsburgh’s furnaces went on to forge the next century of America.

46.1k
Square Miles
13.0M
Population
1787
Statehood
The Living Map

Find Your Place
on the Map.

Pennsylvania spans the Appalachian ridges and valleys between the Delaware River in the east and the Ohio watershed in the west, with 67 counties stretching from the Great Lakes to the Maryland border.

Pennsylvania · Live Grid
PA · Hex 0 · 0 Open · 0 Inscribed
N PA
PA-000 Open
Open Featured Inscribed Click any hex to inspect
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01

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02

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03

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Sample America 250 commemorative certificate for Pennsylvania

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Digital Hex

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The Cradle of Liberty

Where America Was Born

William Penn founded his colony in 1681 on a Quaker vision of religious tolerance and fair dealing with Native peoples — ideals radical for their time. Philadelphia grew into the largest city in British North America, a cosmopolitan port where printers, merchants, and political thinkers from every European nation mingled and argued. By the 1770s it was the natural home for rebellion.

Pennsylvania was the stage for the American founding. The Continental Congress met in Philadelphia, the Declaration of Independence was signed at the State House, and the Constitutional Convention drafted the governing document of the republic in the same city a decade later. The Liberty Bell cracked while tolling, but its message never did: proclaim liberty throughout all the land.

The Civil War turned on Pennsylvania soil. At Gettysburg in July 1863, the Union Army repelled Pickett’s Charge and ended the Confederacy’s last serious invasion of the North. Abraham Lincoln came to dedicate the cemetery and delivered 272 words that redefined what the war meant. The battlefield is forever hallowed ground.

The 19th and early 20th centuries made Pennsylvania the industrial engine of America. Pittsburgh’s Monongahela Valley produced more steel than Britain. Anthracite coal from the Wyoming Valley heated American cities. Oil wells in Titusville, drilled by Edwin Drake in 1859, launched the global petroleum industry. Pennsylvania’s workers built the railroads, bridges, and skyscrapers that defined the modern world.

Today Pennsylvania navigates a post-industrial identity with characteristic stubbornness. Philadelphia anchors a thriving knowledge economy while Pittsburgh has reinvented itself around robotics, medicine, and education. The vast middle — farms, forests, and small cities — holds to traditions of independence and craft that stretch back three centuries. The Keystone State still holds the arch together.

1681

Penn’s Charter

King Charles II grants William Penn a charter for his colony; Penn envisions a “Holy Experiment” in religious tolerance and peaceful governance.

1776

Declaration of Independence

The Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia on July 4, formally breaking from Britain.

1787

Constitutional Convention

Delegates meeting in Philadelphia draft the U.S. Constitution; Pennsylvania ratifies it in December, becoming the second state.

1800

Capital Moves

The federal capital moves from Philadelphia to Washington, D.C., ending the city’s decade-long role as the seat of the new republic.

1859

First Oil Well

Edwin Drake drills the world’s first commercial oil well near Titusville, launching the global petroleum industry.

1863

Battle of Gettysburg

Three days of fighting in early July leave 50,000 casualties; Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address reframes the war as a fight for equality.

1889

Johnstown Flood

The failure of the South Fork Dam sends a wall of water through Johnstown, killing over 2,200 people in the deadliest flood in U.S. history to that date.

1937

Steel Strike

U.S. Steel recognizes the Steel Workers Organizing Committee after a landmark strike, transforming labor relations in American industry.

1979

Three Mile Island

A partial meltdown at the Three Mile Island nuclear plant near Harrisburg becomes the worst nuclear accident in U.S. history.

2001

Flight 93

United Airlines Flight 93 crashes in a field near Shanksville after passengers resist hijackers on September 11, becoming a symbol of American courage.

Stories on the Map

Stories already on the map.

Real Pennsylvania people who have placed their names — and their stories — into the hex grid. Each square mile, a chapter.

Browse the map
Douglas Cole
PA-095
Featured

Columbia County - Sugarloaf Township

The Cole Family Story From the rugged hills of Sugarloaf Township to the heart of Pennsylvania's capital, the Cole family’s roots run deep....

View Story
SS
PA-231
Featured

Lancaster County

A place on the map. The story is yet to come.

View Story
J(
PA-290

Descendant of Matthias Hollopeter

This is my 6th Great Grandfather

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SG
PA-082

My America

My grandfather came to Pennsylvania in 1953 with nothing but a suitcase and a job offer at the steel mill in Philadelphia. He worked there f...

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DA
PA-069

Heritage

My husband Michael was an EMT with the Philadelphia Fire Department for nineteen years. We met in 1992 at a barbecue at my brother's house —...

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WD
PA-003

In Honor

My grandmother used to make pierogi every Christmas Eve in her kitchen in Philadelphia. She would sit at the round table, four hours straigh...

View Story
By the Numbers

Pennsylvania, in facts.

Founding Year
1681
One of the original thirteen colonies
State Nickname
Keystone State
Central to the original union’s structure
Counties
67
From Philadelphia to Erie
Gettysburg Dead
~50,000
Casualties over three days in July 1863
First Oil Well
1859
Drilled by Edwin Drake near Titusville
Share Pennsylvania
Your Corner of the Keystone State

Pennsylvania Held the Nation Together

Sixty-seven counties from the Allegheny ridges to the Lehigh Valley. The colony built on Penn’s Holy Experiment, the city that signed and drafted the republic, the field where the Union held, and the furnaces that built the century after. Hold your charter on the Keystone State map.